• Recycling of metals (Li, Co, Mn, Al, Cu, and Fe) using the hydrometallurgical and spent electrodes regeneration using direct recycling methods from spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs)

• Recovery and resynthesis of materials from spent lithium-ion batteries and their application in energy storage, including batteries (Li-ion & Na-ion) and supercapacitors

• Recycling and preparation of carbon-based materials (graphene oxide (GO), reduced graphene oxide (rGO), and carbon hollow spheres) using materials (graphite and polymers) from spent lithium-ion batteries for energy storage and environmental remediation applications

• Adsorption of dyes using recovered materials from spent lithium-ion batteries and their mechanism

• Synthesis and properties (thermal, mechanical, and electrical) of polymer-graphite nanocomposite thin films using materials recovered from spent lithium-ion batteries